Who are these Naxals?
Naxalite or Naksalvadis (name from the village of Naxalbari in the Indian state of West Bengal where the movement originated), are a group of far-left radical communists, supportive of Maoist political sentiment and ideology. Their origin can be traced to the split in 1967 of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), leading to formation of Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist). Initially the movement had its centre in West Bengal. In recent years, it has spread into less developed areas of rural central and eastern India, such as Chhattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh through the activities of underground groups like the Communist Party of India (Maoist).
The Naxalites are opposed by virtually all mainstream Indian political groups.
History & Growth of Naxalism in India
The term Naxalites comes from Naxalbari, a small village in West Bengal, where an extremist section of Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) led by Charu Majumdar and Kanu Sanyal led a violent uprising in 1967, trying to develop a "revolutionary opposition" in opposition to the CPI(M) leadership. Majumdar greatly admired Mao Zedong, and advocated that Indian peasants and lower classes follow in his footsteps and overthrow the government and upper classes whom he held responsible for their plight.
Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976) was a Chinese revolutionary, political theorist and communist leader. He led the People's Republic of China (PRC) from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976. His theoretical contribution to Marxism-Leninism, military strategies, and his brand of Communist policies are now collectively known as Maoism.
Practically all Naxalite groups trace their origin to the CPI(ML). A separate tendency from the beginning was the Maoist Communist Centre, which evolved out of the Dakshin Desh-group. In 1967 'Naxalites' organized the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries (AICCCR), and later broke away from CPI(M). Violent 'uprisings' were organized in several parts of the country. In 1969 AICCCR gave birth to Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (CPI(ML)).
Famous Names :-
Chhatradhar Mahato (born 1964) is an Indian ex Trinamool activist. He is the convener of the Maoist-backed Police Santrash Birodhi Janasadharaner Committee and a prominent tribal leader, though he himself is not an adivasi by descent.He gained prominence following the Salboni blast in November 2008.
Kishenji,(born in Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh), is a Politburo member of the Communist Party of India (Maoist) and a (Maoist) military commander. He claimed responsibility for the Silda camp attack in 2010.
Theory behind ...
Naxal effected area mainly comprises of poor people who don't have proper amenities & resources , when the movement started t was actually to get the rights of human being as they felt that we are not getting what we are supposed to get, but now the naxal movement is far away from demand of basic amenities, its is just a war against Indian political System.They are similar to the extremist of Jammu & Kashmir.
Naxalism and its Impact
The approach to the Naxalites problems needs a blend of firm but sophisticated, handling of naxalites violence with sensitive handling of the developmental aspects. Government can not blame the Naxals, because they are also the subjects of the nation. But their violence is not acceptable by the government. Naxal groups have been raising mainly land and livelihood related issues and they blame the Government settings and Bureaucracy. For a dabate, if a plan or Government establishment are changed in accordance with their likes, then they can not assure that even in those establishment also a naxalism which was handled by them will not rise its head again. Now, India has been facing many challenges like Equality, Justice (in Social, Economic and Political), Liberty, Fraternity, Peoples' economic development through high economic growth rate and Defence ect.,.
These are all the difficult values to be satisfied by India which is a responsive welfare provider. Overcoming and concentrating on the Naxalism gives extra burden to the administration. We spend bulk of money which is the contribution of tax payers(citizens)
for the high growth rate in Indian economy and welfare activities, to control the Naxalism through various measures., for example, recent Central Government assistance of Rs.2475 crors for 55 Naxal affected States and under RSVY(Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojana) scheem an amount of Rs.15 crors per year has been given to each of the districts for three years so as to fill in critical gaps in physical and social development in the Naxal affected areas. If controlling the violence and rehabilitating Naxlas would provide for the smooth
running of Administration and economic development, then the citizens are responsible to provide for that.
Growth of Naxalism Attitude
Even though Naxals are claiming about land and livelihood related issues, their attitude is violative. They believe that Administrative and Political institutions are inadequate, espouse local demands, take advantage of the prevelent dissatisfaction and injustice among exploited segment of population and an alternative Government which is promisive to emancipate those people from the clutches of the bureaucrats(in their believe Exploiter) through violation. There are 76 districts and 9 States found to be badly affected by Naxalites. In case, good livelihood, land and wages are properly provided to the peoples living in those areas, then we can avoid them to turn into Naxals and support extremism.
Naxals try to sustain their fraternal and logistic links with Napalese Maoists, though there are no strategic and operational links between them. They often use war like extremism through the armed struggle to capture political power and being Anti-Social and Criminal Element. They are having contemporary weapons. At present, they are attacking simultaneously in large number of targets particularly police forces.
Central Government directions to the State governments
Each of these problems need to be dealt with in different ways. There is a call for a closer co-operation between Center and states. Even the problems are in a single state but encompass several states. In a federal and unitery in nature like Government such as Ours, where the law and order is a state subject. States have to maintain law and order strictly. Without this, economic development is impossible and also it threatens our unity, stablity and democracy. The followings are the measures taken by the Central Government to the state governments in accordance with law and order ,
1) Modernisation of State Police in terms of Modern Weaponry, Communication, Mobility and Infrastructure.
2) Revision of Security Related Expediture (SRE) scheem.
3) Supply of Mine Protected Vehicles.
4) Long-term deployment of Cetral Para Military Forces.
5) Sanctioned Indian Reserve Battalion mainly to strengthen security apparatus.
6) Recruitment in Central Para Millitary Force and ect.,
In order to ensure accelerated Socio-economic development and justice in Social, Economic and Political to the naxal affected areas, the states are asked to do the followings :-
1. Effective implementation of the land reforms and Panjayat Raj institutions.
2. Formulating a resettlement and rehabilitation policy for displaced tribes.
3. Improving Good -governance.
4. Setting up better delivery system for people centric/people driven develpoment programmes in the Naxal affected districts.
5. Providing proper and fullest utilisation of various funds allocated to the respective states in various scheems like.,
> Bharat Nirman
> National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheem
> BDI, BRGF, PMGSY and Mid day Meal Scheemect.,
Surrender scheme
The Ministry of Home affairs has requested all the Naxal affected states to implement the " SURRENDER-CUM-REHABILITATION" scheem for the Naxalites who want to shun and join in the majority interest of the mainstream Government. For this scheem centre has provided assistance to the state governments. Recently, the Jharkhand govt has offered monthly allowance of Rs.2000, Life insurence worth Rs.10 lakh, vocational training for two years, one acre agri-land and free education to the Naxalites and their families.
Recently after april 6 attack , there is some modification in the Surrender scheme with more compensation money announced.
Counter Attack
Salwa Judum (meaning "Purification Hunt" in Gondi language) is a state sponsored and supported movement in Chhattisgarh, where civilians were armed supposedly to fight the Naxalites in India.
What next ?
With Growing attacks on CRPF & other security forces Government of India currently in no shape or have any plan to counter these naxal attacks. Politicians are the only one who are promoting such things, why cant we just work like American's & Srilankan's as they started war against Taliban's & LTTE, Naxal are anti indians and there is no difference in Naxals & islamic terrorists .They are killing huge number of security personnel, no-one cares about them,Our dear govt will give 2000 Rs per month cmpensation to the family... Great Salute Indian culture & Society . Our hon'ble ministers including Mr Home minister is very good in making public announcements & meetings in press, why not a full fledged attack on naxals? what they are waiting for ? Are they waiting for naxals to become Taliban one day? Ironical Part is , there were series of bomb blast all across India , no one cared, one 26/11 on elite members of this country in Taj & Nariman , waked up so many sleeping bodies..people don't know that there is a 26/11 every week in Jammu & Kashmir...
I know the reason why nobody cares for CRPF Jawan's because many Indians & the so called useless partying senseless & over confident youth doesn't give a thought on such issue & they feel our security personnel are only meant for dieing. With useless machines & security system provided to CRPF more of our Jawan's will die in future..... Jai HO......
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Following is the chronology of major recent Naxal attacks in the country:
July 16, 2008: 21 policemen killed when a police van was blown up in a landmine blast in Malkangiri district of Orissa.
June 29: Maoists attack a boat on Balimela reservoir in Orissa carrying four anti-Naxalite police officials and 60 Greyhound commandos, killing 38 troops.
Oct 8, 2009: 17 policemen killed when Maoists ambushed them at Laheri police station in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra.
Sep 30: Naxalites set ablaze Gram Panchayat offices at Korchi and Belgaon in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra.
Sep 26: Naxals kill BJP MP from Balaghat Baliram Kashyap's sons at Pairaguda village in Jagdalpur (Chhattisgarh).
Sep 4: Naxals kill four villagers in a forest in Aaded village in Chhattisgarh's Bijapur district.
Jul 31: A special police officer and another person killed by Naxals in Bijapur district.
July 27: Six persons killed when Naxals trigger a landmine blast at Dantewada district in Chhattisgarh.
July 23: A 40-year-old tribal killed by Naxalites at Ettapalli taluka in Gadchiroli district.
July 18: Naxalites kill a villager in Bastar and in a separate incident torch a vehicle engaged in road construction work in Bijapur district of Chhattisgarh.
June 23: A group of motorcycle-borne armed Naxal rebels open fire on Lakhisarai district court premises in Bihar and free four of their comrades including the self-style Zonal Commander of Ranchi.
June 16: Maoists kill 11 police officers in a landmine attack followed by armed assault. In a separate attack, four policemen were killed and two others seriously injured when Maoists ambush them at Beherakhand in Palamau district.
June 13: Naxals launch two landmine and bomb attacks in a small town close to Bokaro, killing 10 policemen and injuring several others.
June 10: Nine policemen, including CRPF troops and officers, ambushed by Maoists during a routine patrol in Saranda jungles in Jharkhand.
May 22: Maoists kill 16 policemen in the jungles of Gadchiroli district in Maharashtra.
April 22: Maoists hijack a train with at least 300 people on board in Jharkhand and force it to Latehar district before fleeing.
April 13: 10 paramilitary troops killed in eastern Orissa when Maoists attack a bauxite mine in Koraput district.
Feb 15, 2010: 24 personnel of the Eastern Frontier Rifles (EFR) killed as Maoists attack their camp in Silda in West Midnapore district of West Bengal.
April 4, 2010: Maoists triggered a landmine blast killing 11 security personnel of the elite anti-naxal force Special Operations Group (SOG) in Koraput district of Orrisa.
April 6, 2010: In the worst Maoist attack, at least 73 CRPF and district force personnel were on Tuesday killed when a large group of Naxals ambushed them in the thick Mukrana forests of Chhattisgarh's Dantewada district.
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The Indian Ministry of Home Affairs estimates the following yearly death tolls from the violence:
- 1996: 156 deaths
- 1997: 428 deaths
- 1998: 270 deaths
- 1999: 363 deaths
- 2000: 50 deaths
- 2001: 100+ deaths
- 2002: 140 deaths
- 2003: 451 deaths
- 2004: 500+ deaths
- 2005: 700+ deaths
- 2006: 750 deaths
- 2007: 650 deaths
- 2008: 794 deaths
- 2009: 1,134 deaths
Regards
Shail
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